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Christianity

Introduction
Origins:
Historical Background
The New Testament
The Life & Teachings of Jesus
The Early Church:
Paul
Persecution
Heresy
Formalization of the Faith
The Eastern Orthodox Church
The Roman Catholic Church
Protestantism:
The Protestant Reformation
Major Protestant Denominational Families
Counter Reformation & Contemporary Theologies
Practices:
The Sacraments
Worship & Christian Life
Holidays

Church vs. State
2nd - 4th centuries

 

For various social, political and economic reasons and Roman misunderstanding of the Christian religion, the Romans persecuted the Christian minority

  • Political issues: Christians (like Jews) refused to recognize the divinity of the Emperor. Christians preached a new "King" - Jesus Christ as "Lord". But, unlike Judaism, Christianity was not an ancient faith and antiquity was valued. And, unlike Judaism, Christianity was spreading and becoming more and more popular among the people thus becoming more or an issue

  • Social issues: Christianity was popular among the lower classes - the poor and slaves (the message Jesus preached had been for the "little people"). It was feared there might be a revolt.

  • Economic issues: Christianity interfered with the statue making business - Christians would not buy statues of the divine Emperor or other statues of Roman gods and goddesses. Christianity also questioned the Roman religion, seeking converts from among that faith, trying to prove it wrong

  • Romans did not understand this new Christian practice of "drinking blood and eating flesh" - they took it literally and thought the Christians were cannibals; rumors spread that Christians killed non-Christian children for this ritual

Persecutions began in the first century and continued for several centuries

The first Christian martyrs and saints arose during this period as they stood up to the tortures rather than give up their faith

Not until Emperor Constantine, in 4th century, was converted to the new faith did the persecutions end. First Christianity was accepted side by side with other faiths of the Empire; by the end of the 4th cent. the tables had turned and Christianity was the only official religion of the Empire. Other faiths were now persecuted and the people converted in droves for social and political reasons rather than by faith.

 

Was it with Constantine's declaration that Christianity finally became a religion in it's own right?

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Created by Laura Ellen Shulman 
Last updated: October 2002