Course Home

Syllabus & Assignments

Resources

Lectures

Religions of the World I: Sikhism

Introduction
Origins
Founder: Guru Nanak
Beliefs
Historical development
Practices

Precursor: The Sant tradition of 15th century northwest India (The Punjab)

A mix of Hindu and Muslim mystical devotion

Kabir (1440-1518): Muslim disciple of a Hindu guru, a simple man who composed devotional songs to God

 

Founder: Guru Nanak (1469-1538)

  • A Hindu influenced by both Hindu and Muslim religions and the less sectarian guru-sants such as Kabir

  • Mystical experience, call from God, in 1499 to practice and preach a simple devotion underlying both Hindu and Muslim faiths

  • Had both Hindu and Muslim followers, disciples called "Sikhs" (Punjabi for "disciple")

  • Preached a message of religious and social equality.

Guru Nanak taught that "A believer of a faith should not be considered a 'non-believer' by the followers of the other faiths". He "preached that God does not identify people by their sectarian religions such as Christians, Jews, Hindus or Muslims." His hymns "stress the presence of god in every human being."*

Nanak proclaimed "there is no Muslim, there is no Hindu, all are equal human beings because they are the children of the same Father, God."*

His was a message "of one God and [the] brotherhood of humanity. Religion was to be made a uniting force rather than a dividing force." "Irrespective of their caste, creed, economic status, sex or religion, all people were considered equal and were welcome to join [this fellowship]."* 

Guru Nanak was a product of his times in the growing multicultural and multi-religious setting of northwest India. But his message was hauntingly prophetic of our own times. For he "preached that the whole world is to be treated as one vast multi-cultural society. Mutual regard and respect among all people were the foundation of the true religion. There was no religion superior to this."*

* quoted from Sikhism: A Universal Message by Gurbaksh Singh (pub: Sikh Study Circle DFW, Richardson, TX, 1987)

return to top

Created by Laura Ellen Shulman 
Last updated: January 2003